There are many "different" political
theories.
 They come in a lot of different
names.  There was actually a golden era of the
creation of political theory, starting in about 1600
and lasting until about now.  Before 1600 about
the only political theory was the divine right of
kings.  And it was good to be the king.

Basically, for all of recorded human history the
idea was that the leaders are anointed by God or
the Gods to rule over His/Their people -- and all
else be damned.  
By about 1600 there began the Enlightenment --
when new ideas really did come to the fore.  
What transpired in the beginning was a flowering
of individualistic ideas -- though often just as
willing to slaughter anyone who didn't agree.  
The Pilgrims, the Huegonots, Calvinists and
others -- which all called into question the divine
right of Kings.  Alas they only renamed the idea
-- and called it the divine right of the leader of the
particular group. The Pilgrims weren't nice to
non-Pilgrims, despite their call for free religious
belief.

But earlier, in two places there arose a certain
level of free-thinking that said not only does the
King not have the right to rule and slaughter --
but neither does anyone else.  The first inkling of
these ideas surfaced in history in the 1400's --
with John Wyckoff in England and Jan Hus in
Bohemia.  Both were against God, King and
Church ever ruling people.  They were snuffed
out.  But like Pandora's box, the idea had sprung
loose.  The ideas couldn't be put away.  

Over the next few centuries the two ideas
slugged it out.  They are still slugging it out, but
the Divine Right has already lost.  It's a matter of
time. The Declaration of Independence was the
first national expression of the freedom idea.   It
has now so permeated the world that even the
most dictatorial of dictatorships at least pays lip
service to freedom.  

Nearly every "new" political theory from Marx in
the 1840's until folks like Castro in Cuba today
has been but a restatement of the divine right by
the use of other words.  The idea was still that
the "King" got to rule because of some "natural"
or "Divine" or "scientific" reason that was
somehow floating through the air and landed on
the Dear Leader.  

It is only a minority of people who claim they
believe this anymore.  And most of them probably
know the end is near, but they hang on because
their place in the future is undetermined.  And
they want to live good now; after all, it's good to
be the king.  

The political theory which will remain is actually
more of a general principle.  All men are created
equal, and are free to pursue their happiness in
liberty.  
History is more unknown than the future
could ever be.
 We can see what we can create
for tomorrow.  We can think about what we do today
and how that will translate to tomorrow.  We can
alter, minute by minute, what transpires going into
the future.

But we are wholly in the dark when it comes to
history.  Particularly before the era of computers,
where we can at least now keep some sort of
organized data that is comparable.  And where we
can take different information from different sources
and compare it.  

Before the computer we had printing, for only about
450 years in fact.  And that made it a little easier to
keep track of things -- because one could refer to a
text that was printed decades or two or three
centuries ago.  

Before printing we only had writing. And as the
destruction that rampaged across the planet for
thousands of years, whether at the hands of man, or
by nature itself, history was lost.  The writing was
lost.  Only the inaccurate and fautly memories were
left to try to reconstruct the history.

And the clearest example of this is genealogy.  We
know we can keep track of what our families are in
the future, because we are creating the databases,
which will be indestructible, for the future about
today. Our great-great-grandkids will know more
about today than we know about our parents and
grandparents.  When a family looks back at the past,
what they find are legends and memories that when
the documents are finally found are blown out of the
water.  By the time you go back just three or four
generations nearly all the information is lost.  There
is no "history."  We don't know, or know so little as to
be of little use.  

But history going into the future will be different, and
the internet and the computer, where information
isn't really anywhere, not physically located, will be
the great change in the way we look at history.

Those, though, who rely on history for anything are
always subject to the reality of not only incomplete
information, but often bogus information.
Practicalist

Jim  
Hlavac  
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Someone had to make a simplified explanation of the way the world works.
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